On defining the Hamiltonian beyond quantum theory
The Hamiltonianin quantum theory (green arrow) acts as the axis of rotation as states evolve in the Bloch sphere (Color figure online)
Foundations of Physics 48, 982 (2018)
D. Branford, O. Dahlsten, A. Garner
Energy is a crucial concept within classical and quantum physics. An essential tool to quantify energy is the Hamiltonian. Here, we consider how to define a Hamiltonian in general probabilistic theories—a framework in which quantum theory is a special case. We list desiderata which the definition should meet. For 3-dimensional systems, we provide a fully-defined recipe which satisfies these desiderata. We discuss the higher dimensional case where some freedom of choice is left remaining. We apply the definition to example toy theories, and discuss how the quantum notion of time evolution as a phase between energy eigenstates generalises to other theories.
On defining the Hamiltonian beyond quantum theory
D. Branford, O. Dahlsten, A. Garner
Foundations of Physics
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